Statement - Arguments

A recently conducted study reveals that the prospects for success in later schooling for $3-5$, years old children were improved by a particular educational plan. From this it follows that the introduction of similar education plans for all $3-5$, years old children will lead to an improvement in their chances for success in later schooling.
Which among the following would weaken the above argument if true?

The question below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a 'strong' argument and which is a 'weak argument.

Should the Government stop providing subsidy on kerosene with immediate effect?
Arguments:
I. Yes, this will help Government reduce its huge fiscal deficit.
II. No, the poor people will not be able to buy kerosene at market price for their daily needs.

In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable to be able to distinguish between 'strong' arguments and 'weak' arguments. 'Strong' arguments are those which are both important and directly related to the question. 'Weak' arguments are those which are of minor importance and also may not be directly related to the question or may be related to a trivial aspect of the question.
Instructions: In the following question, a statement is followed by two arguments numbered $\mathrm{I}$ and $\mathrm{II}$. You have to decide which argument is strong and which argument is weak.

Statement: Should both parents assume equal responsibility in raising a child?
Arguments:
$\mathrm{I}.$ Yes, both parents should take equal responsibility in raising a child. This will ensure the child is getting the best out of life.
$\mathrm{II}.$ No, that's not necessary. A child can be raised with a single parent. If a parent is supporting a child with a job, one parent may have more of a responsibility of raising that child.

Directions: Each of the following questions consists of a statement followed by two arguments I and II.

Give answer as
(a) If only argument I is strong;
(b) If only argument II is strong;
(c) If either I or II is strong;
(d) If neither I nor II is strong and
(e) If both I and II are strong.

Statement: Should fashionable dresses be banned?
Arguments:
I. Yes. Fashions keep changing and hence consumption of cloth increases.
II. No. Fashionable clothes are a person's self expression and therefore his/her fundamental right.

In the question below four statements are followed by four conclusions numbered I, II, III and IV. You have to take the givens statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Statements:
Some cats are tigers.
All lions are cats.
Some horses are lions.
All horses are animals.

Conclusions:
I. Some lions are tigers.
II. No horse is tiger.
III. Some horses are cats.
IV. Some horses are tigers.

In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable to be able to distinguish between 'strong' arguments and 'weak' arguments. 'Strong' arguments are those which are both important and directly related to the question. 'Weak' arguments are those which are of minor importance and also may not be directly related to the question or may be related to a trivial aspect of the question.
Instructions: In the following question, a statement is followed by two arguments numbered $\mathrm{I}$ and $\mathrm{II}$. You have to decide which argument is strong and which argument is weak. Give answer:

$\left(1\right)$ if only argument $\mathrm{I}$ is strong.
$\left(2\right)$ if only argument $\mathrm{II}$ is strong.
$\left(3\right)$ if either argument $\mathrm{I}$ or $\mathrm{II}$ is strong.
$\left(4\right)$ if neither argument $\mathrm{I}$ nor $\mathrm{II}$ is strong.
$\left(5\right)$ if both the arguments $\mathrm{I}$ and $\mathrm{II}$ are strong.

Statement: Should the prestigious people be met with special treatment by law if they have committed crimes unknowingly?
Arguments:
$\mathrm{I}.$ Yes, because prestigious people do not commit crimes intentionally.
$\mathrm{II}.$ No, it is our policy that everybody is equal before the law.

In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable to be able to distinguish between 'strong' arguments and 'weak' arguments. 'Strong' arguments are those which are both important and directly related to the question. 'Weak' arguments are those which are of minor importance and also may not be directly related to the question or may be related to a trivial aspect of the question.
Instructions: In the following question, a statement is followed by two arguments numbered $\mathrm{I}$ and $\mathrm{II}$. You have to decide which argument is strong and which argument is weak. Give answer:

$\left(1\right)$ if only argument $\mathrm{I}$ is strong.
$\left(2\right)$ if only argument $\mathrm{II}$ is strong.
$\left(3\right)$ if either argument $\mathrm{I}$ or $\mathrm{II}$ is strong.
$\left(4\right)$ if neither argument $\mathrm{I}$ nor $\mathrm{II}$ is strong.
$\left(5\right)$ if both the arguments $\mathrm{I}$ and $\mathrm{II}$ are strong.

Statement: Should all beggars on the roads in the big cities in India be forcibly sent to villages?
Arguments:
$\mathrm{I}.$ No, this is grossly unfair and these people may die of hunger if they are sent to villages.
$\mathrm{II}.$ Yes, these people create a bad impression of our country in the eyes of the foreigners who visit our country and hence should be removed.

The question given below consists of a statement followed by three arguments I, II and III. You have to decide which of the arguments is/are strong.

Statement:
Are the Global corporations viewing India as one of the key markets from where future growth will emerge?
Arguments:
I. Yes, because India has been a consumption-driven economy for the last many decades.
II. Yes, the growth in India's consumer market will be primarily driven by a favourable population composition and rising disposable incomes.
III. No, the global economic recession has hit the average Indian hard and they will be more interested in shoring up their savings instead of being expenditure driven.

In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable to be able to distinguish between 'strong' arguments and 'weak' arguments. 'Strong' arguments are those which are both important and directly related to the question. 'Weak' arguments are those which are of minor importance and also may not be directly related to the question or may be related to a trivial aspect of the question.
Instructions: In the following question, a statement is followed by two arguments numbered $\mathrm{I}$ and $\mathrm{II}$. You have to decide which argument is strong and which argument is weak. Give answer:

$\left(1\right)$ if only argument $\mathrm{I}$ is strong.
$\left(2\right)$ if only argument $\mathrm{II}$ is strong.
$\left(3\right)$ if either argument $\mathrm{I}$ or $\mathrm{II}$ is strong.
$\left(4\right)$ if neither argument $\mathrm{I}$ nor $\mathrm{II}$ is strong.
$\left(5\right)$ if both the arguments $\mathrm{I}$ and $\mathrm{II}$ are strong.

Statement: Should sports tournaments not be scheduled at the examination time of children?
Arguments:
$\mathrm{I}.$ Yes: Children should get entertainment after the examinations and not during the exams, and it will also improve their score.
$\mathrm{II}.$ No: Examination time of Indian education system is different from other countries, it shall always be an issue for one country or the other.

In each question below given a statement and two conclusions. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true and consider both the conclusion together, then decide which of the two given conclusions logically follows beyond a reasonable doubt from the information given in the statement.
Statement:- Pen is more powerful than the sword.
Conclusions:-
(I) Pen is made of more strong material as compared to a sword.
(II) Brainpower is more powerful than physical body power.

Strict gun control laws have caused a decrease in violent crime, in the six months since the city council passed a gun control law, armed robberies in Bombay have dropped by $18\%.$

'Which of the following, if true, would strengthen the argument above?

$\mathrm{l}.$ Before the law was passed, the number of armed robberies had been steadily increasing.
$\mathrm{ll}.$ The more severe the punishment mandated for a crime, the less likely that the crime is to occur.
$\mathrm{lll}.$ Three-fourths of all violent crimes involve the use of a gun.

In the following question consist of a statement followed by two arguments $\mathrm{I}$ and $\mathrm{II}$.

Give answer as
(a) If only argument $\mathrm{I}$ is strong;
(b) If only argument $\mathrm{II}$ is strong;
(c) If either $\mathrm{I}$ or $\mathrm{II}$ is strong;
(d) If neither $\mathrm{I}$ nor $\mathrm{II}$ is strong and
(e) If both $\mathrm{I}$ and $\mathrm{II}$ are strong.
Statement: Should all the drugs patented and manufactured in Western, countries be first tried out on sample basis before giving license for sale to public in India?
Arguments:
$\mathrm{I}$. Yes. Many such drugs require different doses and duration for Indian population and hence it is necessary.
$\mathrm{II}$. No. This is not feasible and hence cannot be implemented.

Each question below is followed by a statement and two arguments I and II. You have to decide which of the following arguments is a strong argument. In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable to be able to distinguish between strong arguments and weak arguments as they relate to the question. Strong arguments are those which are both important and directly related to the question. Weak arguments are of minor importance and may not be directly related to the question. Give answer-

Statement:
Should solar power be used only to generate electricity?
Arguments:
I. Yes, this will help reduce air pollution to a great extent.
II. No, it can not fulfil the demand for electricity.

Study the following information carefully and answer the question given below:

The much-awaited month of May is about to get over. Results of the General elections are out. Narendra Modi has been elected as our new Prime Minister. All these months, what people have talked about is Modiwave. However, are people really fond of Modi or is it that, people are tired of the last government and what they just want is to implement a better option.
A. People don't want to carry on with the present government as the last five years have been very tough. At this point, Modi seems the only option.
B. The Modi wave is more of a promotional campaign that got fuel from the unemployed youngsters and the common men troubled of inflation.
C. Problems were there in the BJP rule too and that is why people elected the UPA in the last elections, and now it is just an opposite game.
D. Modi wave was not that strong, otherwise, it would not have lost to AAP, as it cannot gain a majority in Delhi in Vidhan Sabha elections.
E. The generation of today is more conscious and aware of what's going around. They support Modi and therefore, Modi wave exists.
F. Anti congress wave must have paved way for all the existing politicians equally, then why the nation is talking about Modi.
G. People have seen the development of Gujarat, and they know the contribution of Modi. It is the choice and demand that have resulted in Modi wave.
H. Women are safe in Gujarat and all Indian women want to feel the same. The desire to feel secure has actually resulted in Modi wave.

Which of the following follows that reason of Modi's success today, is his hard work and dedication?

In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable to be able to distinguish between 'strong' arguments and 'weak' arguments. 'Strong' arguments are those which are both important and directly related to the question. 'Weak' arguments are those which are of minor importance and also may not be directly related to the question or may be related to a trivial aspect of the question. The question below is followed by three arguments numbered $\mathrm{I}, \mathrm{II}$ and $\mathrm{III}$. You have to decide which of the arguments is/are 'strong'. 

Should the rate of income tax be much higher for those who earn more than one crore each year?
Arguments:
$\mathrm{I}.$ No, every tax-paying citizen should be treated on par irrespective of their annual income.
$\mathrm{II}.$ No, a small percentage of tax-paying individuals earns more than one crore and hence it will not have any significant impact on Govt. earnings.
$\mathrm{III}.$ Yes, imposing a higher rate is justified for high earners as they can afford to pay more tax to the Govt. after taking care of their own requirements.

The question below is followed by a statement and two arguments I and II. You have to decide which of the following arguments is a strong argument. In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable to be able to distinguish between strong arguments and weak arguments as they relate to the question. Strong arguments are those which are both important and directly related to the question. Weak arguments are of minor importance and may not be directly related to the question.

Statement: Should we celebrate Hindi Diwas as one day for Hindi in Hindustan?
Arguments:
I. Yes, Language reflects culture, and the celebration of Hindi Diwas will be a celebration of Indian culture.
II. No, Celebration of Hindi Diwas can result in another political drama in India as all the regional parties will find a reason to oppose it.

Read the following information carefully and answer the question below it.

Pharmaceutical firms are now engaged in the production of analogues of the endorphins, peptides, which are thought to transmit messages among brain cells, which bring about pain relief. Pharmaceutical firms claim that these analogues, when injected into the bloodstream, will lead to effective and long-lasting pain relief by increasing the action of peptides already present in the brain.

The claims put forth by pharmaceutical firms would be considerably weakened if it were true that:

The ministry of sports has been advised by a committee to take the highest award in the field of sports back from two players who were allegedly involved in match-fixing.

Which of the following statements would weaken the argument put forward by the committee to the sports ministry?

Each question below is followed by a statement and two arguments I and II. You have to decide which of the following arguments is a strong argument. In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable to be able to distinguish between strong arguments and weak arguments so for as they relate to the question. Strong arguments are those which are both important and directly related to the question. Weak arguments are of minor importance and also may not be directly related to the question. Give answer-

Statement:
Should all correspondence courses at the graduate level be stopped?
Arguments :
I. No, correspondence courses help needy students to pursue studies and earn at the same time.
II. Yes, education is not possible without teachers and classrooms.

"Parents should make strong efforts to curtail the extreme fad of fashion from their children's minds". Research reports.

Which of the following would weaken the argument presented in the report most appropriately?